ABSTRACT

Oil industry is a prominent aspect of modern economy and as it were exploration activities are very important for continuity of oil production.

          The exploration activities involve the acquisition of data and processing.  As exploration activities increases in the modern world, the computer manufacturers are also working hard to produce super computer and their processing that are involved.

          Many firms are emerging fast and of course modern firms make use of computers, especially the mainframe computer which has a large memory space.  As the activities is in the increase, there is need to increase storage facilities because there comes a time when the main memory of computer will be unable to hold all information required.  This is where the secondary storage device called the magnetic tape comes to play.

          A general description of the system goals, facilities and applications are involved.

ORGANISATION OF THE WORK

The main aim of this project is to show a practical approach to the exploration activities that involves the acquisition of data and processing by companies where the processing and storage of information (Seismic data) is done by computer.

          In the first chapter of this project, traces of the origin of seismic data processing have been made.  The problems statement, the limitations, aims; objectives and purpose of the study have been dealt with.

          Chapter two treats the review of the related literature work.

          Chapter three treats the description and analysis of the existing system.  The oral interview for the research tools used.  The organization structure of the company in question (IDSL) was looked into.  Also the objectives and problems of the existing system and the justification for the new system were taken into consideration.

          Chapter four treats the design of the study that is the new system, as well as the input, output specification and design, following the analysis of the data collected during the research study.  Also the new system requirement accompanied with the system flow chat was considered as well as the procedure chat and file design for the new system.

          Chapter five is all about the implementation of the new system design and testing of the program with which the system is to be operated on.

          Chapter six is the documentation which was sufficiently completed to enable the user to understand the essential characteristics of the system.

          Chapter seven is the conclusion drawn from the entire study and the recommendation made for further research.

          Finally, the appendices and references also the definition of terms.

TABLE OF FIGURES

Fig A:         Organizational structure chart

Fig. B:         Procedure chart

Fig C:                   System flowchart

Fig D:         Program Design

Fig E:                   Program flowchart

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction                                                                  

1.1            Problem of the study    

1.2            Purpose of the study     

1.3            Scope                            

1.4            Limitation           

CHAPTER TWO

Literature Review         

CHAPTER THREE

Description and analysis of the existing system  

3.1            Fact finding method (oral)                         

3.2            Organization structure                     

3.3            Objectives of the existing system     

3.4            Problems of the existing system                

3.5            Justification                                     

3.6            Input, process, output analysis                 

CHAPTER FOUR

Design of the new system                                    

4.1            Output specification and design                          

4.2            Input specification and design         

4.3            File design                                        

4.4            Procedure chart                                

4.5            System flowchart                             

4.6            System requirement                

CHAPTER FIVE

Implementation                                         

5.1            Program design                                

5.2            Program flowchart                                     

5.3            Test run                                           

CHAPTER SIX

Documentation                                

CHAPTER SEVEN

Recommendation and conclusion              

7.1     Conclusion                             

7.2     Definition of terms                           

References

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

          The exploration activities involve the acquisition of data and processing.  As exploration activities increases in the modern world, the computer manufactures are also working hard to produce super computers and their processing algorithm: thus with high computing power to cope with the larger data processing that are involved.

          Owing to the inevitable roles that are played by the oil industries in the modern world, the federal govt. recently issue out a white paper enforcing all oil companies to do more exploration to increase oil reservoir. This means that there will be more data acquisition and processing jobs in the near future.

          The importance of oil exploration in modern countries can never be our emphasized.  In the United States of America and Britain, Intensive exploration activities are on for the last two decades all in a attempt to have enough oil reserves.

          And so seismic data processing is very indispensable in the oil industry because it is the first step taken in the discovering of hydrocarbon or better more seismic data processing is a key sequence in search for hydrocarbon.

          In the processing of seismic data, care should be taken because if not properly processed, it might lead to wrong interpretation and this might lead to false prospect.  In fact wrong processing will reduce the success ration in the discovery of hydrocarbon and this causes the cost of drilling to increase.  In essence, wrong processing will lead to drilling false prospect and we know that it costs millions if not billions of Naira to drill a well.

          The role of the govt. in oil industry had gradually progressed from a regulatory one to direct involvement in all exploitation and exploration initially government only made rudimentary laws and collected royalties from the oil companies.  By 1971 the situation changed as oil become more important to the Nigeria Economy.  Oil accounts for about 90% of the total foreign exchange earning for the country.

          In essence, Nigeria that wants increase in her revenue, must engage in acquisition, processing and management of seismic data.  Seismic data management system is therefore a software development for the purpose. That is why the case study was the integrated data services limited (IDSL) Benin city a subsidiary of the Nigeria National Petroleum Cooperation (NNPC).

1.1            PROBLEMS OF THE STUDY

In the search for hydrocarbon, the initial question had always been where exactly under the surface of the earth are the anticlines or the structures within which the hydrocarbon can be accumulated.

This question is answered in part by seismic data acquisition and in the main by seismic data processing. Acquisition means the acquiring of the raw data while processing transforms and refines these data to level where the above question is answered.

The problem is how can this information collected from the field be presented and protected from destruction.  That is why the tape librarians were introduced to help in managing these tapes, but as time goes on the number of tapes acquired becomes so large in number that the librarians cannot manage then effectively.  This has created many problems for the management.

          The solution to the problem will lie in removing any factors that inhibit the ability of the librarian to make the storage and the retrieval of tapes easy in the organization.

1.2            PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

This research will be very useful to both students, individuals, co-operate bodies and general public as a whole who are either engaged or way wish to engage in seismic date acquisition and processing in the future.

The purposes are as follows:

1.                 Ensuring the acquisition of good quality seismic data in an effective manner.

2.                 Ensuring that all field tapes collected from the field are sent to the processing center and the seismic data in the tapes are presented in a form that is convenient for geological interpretation.

3.                 To ensure that processing sequence are followed and a good result suitable for acceptance.

4.                 Ensuring that the processed seismic sections which is the final output of a processed field tape is used to identify specific areas for future field appraisal development.

1.3            SCOPE OF THE STUDY

In this research work the study was limited to the use of Electronic Data processing (EDP) on the information management control in seismic Data processing.

1.4            LIMITATION

Due to the work load, enough research could not be made to other known seismic data acquisition and processing organizations.  But hope that the little information obtained is applicable to all other seismic data organizations.