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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page — — — — —- — — — — i
Approval page — — — — —- — — — ii
Dedication — — — — —- — — — iii
Acknowledgement — — — — — — — — iv
Abstract — — — — — — — — — v
Table of contents — — — — — — — vi
Chapter one
111 Background of the study — — — — — — 1
112 Problem statement — — — — — — — 2
113 Aims and objectives — — — — — — 3
114 Significant of the project — — — — — — 4
115 Scopes of the study — — — — — — — 5
116 Project report organization — — — — — — 5
Chapter two
21 Literature review — — — — — — — 7
211 Review and the Analysis of the existing system — — — —
212 Historical development of the project — — — — 9
212 Areas of application of the project — — — — 11
213 Areas of applications of the project – – – – – – – – – – 18
214 Tuned radio frequency (TRF) transmitter and receiver – – – – – – – 18
22 System component description — — — — — 20
23 Resistor — — — — — — — — 21
24 Different symbols of resistors — — — — — — 24
25 Determination of the value of a resistor — — – – — – – – 5
26 Capacitors — — — — — — — — —
27 Transformers — — — — — — — — 30
28 Diode — — — — — — — — — 31
29 Types of diode — — — — — — — — 32
210 IC linear voltage regulator — — — — — — 33
211 Transistor static switch and electromagnetic relay — — 37
212 The optical light sensor using LDR — — — — 41
213 Design considerations — — — — — — 44
214 Applications — — — — — — — — 45
215 Servomotor — — — — — — — — 47
216 Device without feedback — — — — — — 48
Chapter three
31 Description of the system building blocks 49
32 Block diagram development into working circuit 50
33 System design specifications 52
34 The principle of operation of the system 53
Chapter four
Implementation, testing and result 57
41 Implementation 57
4
2 Testing 58
43 Result 59
44 Bill of engineering quality 60
Chapter five
51 Summary of achievement 62
52 Problems encountered and solution 63
53 Conclusion 64
References 65
CHAPTER ONE
11 INTRODUCTION
111 Background of the Study
Security is everybody’s business all over the world And this proves more challenging to a third world and terrorist nation like Nigeria Security of lives and properties can be achieved in wired or wireless mode Owing to the incessant kidnapping incidents especially in the south east part of Nigeria, there is utmost need to secure any entity (homes/offices/institutions/factories) against such happenstance by coming up with a better technique of security the entrance gate to any entity such that only the users can get access into it Gate locking techniques abound but each has an associated shortcomings This menace gave way to carrying out researches on the best way to customize gates (entrances) into any entity This led me to undertake the project design and implementation of a headlamp operated gate opening system such that only the owners headlamp/valid users headlamp can operate it This will boost the security of lives and properties
112 Problem Statement
Due to the high rate of kidnapping and armed robbery in Nigeria, security of lies and properties as everybody’s concern Most especially in the south-east region of the country, kidnappers break into people’s compound and abduct them for a ransom This is due mainly because of poor/no secure entrance into the compound
In a bid to combat this menace, a highly secured gate opening system should be developed and put in place This quest motivated me to embark on a project research on design and implementation of a headlamp operated gate opening system such that only the owners headlamp can operate the gate from a distance of nearly 50m This system will ensure that only one user or selected users can operated the gate A system of this nature will boost the security of the compound
113 Aim And Objectives of the Project/Study
The aim of this project design and implemental of a headlamp operated gate opening system such that only the owner’s head lamp can operate the gate
The objectives of this project are:
i To develop a prototype of a real life system which can open and close a gate using photo electric effect and radio frequency technology
ii To design a system which is not micro-program control
iii To design a system which can be powered using a regulated power supply unit (PSU) synthesized from NEPA
iv To design a module which can be use electromagnetic relay to actuate an AC motor
114 Significant of the Project
This project work signified a lot in computer engineering This project can be used/employed as a security gate in scheduled area like INEC office clubs and gardens
It can be used as a security gate in luxury homes
It can be used as a security door in strong rooms
It can be applied in security gates in military barracks and in prison yard to ensure maximum security
If properly modified, it can be used in highly sensitive areas to allow only the authorized users to get access into some areas
115 Scopes of the Study
This project work focuses on the design and construction of a headlamp operated gate opening system such that only the owner’s car headlamp can operate the gate It covers TRF (receiver and transmitter), opto-coupler using LDR, prime mover and other components used in the system It
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