DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERISED DRUG VERIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

(A CASE STUDY OF NATIONAL AGENCY FOR FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL [NAFDAC])

ABSTRACT

This project was centered on design and implementation of computerized drug verification and management system. The current process of verifying and managing drugs by NAFDAC is being operated manually and due to this procedure numerous problems are been encountered. This design was taken to computerize the manual process in order to check these problems. The problems were identified after series of interviews and examination of documents after which analysis was made and a computerized procedure recommended. This project will also suggest how to successfully implement the computerized procedure and to overcome the obstacle that would hinder the successful implementation of the system. The system was designed using PHP programming language. This language was chosen because of its easy syntax and features for developing web based applications.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page – – – – – – – – – i
Approval Page – – – – – – – – ii
Declaration – – – – – – – – iii
Dedication – – – – – – – – – iv
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – v
Abstract – – – – – – – – – vi
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vii

CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION
1.1.0 General Introduction – – – – — –
1.2.0 Introduction – – – – – — –
1.3.0 Problem definition- – – – — –
1.4.0 Objective of study – – – – – – –
1.5.0 Research justification – – – – — –
1.6.0 Research methodology- – – – — –
1.7.0 Scope and limitation of study – – — –
1.8.0 Chapter layout – – – – – – –
CHAPTER TWO – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – –
2.1 The meaning of ethical drugs and its relationship with herbal medicine (drug interactions)- – – – – – – –
2.2 The rationale for drug sales in Nigeria- – – – –
2.3 Fake and counterfeit drugs in the healthsector- – – –
2.4 Fake/counterfeit drugs defined- – – – – – –
2.5 Major reported tragedies associated withsubstandard and fake/counterfeit drugs- – – – – – – – –
2.6 The implications of counterfeit/fakedrugs- – – – –
2.7 Factors that encourage drugcounterfeiting- – – –
2.7.1 Chaotic drug distribution system- – – – –
2.7.2 Inadequate cooperation fromgovernment agencies and amongprofessional groups- – – – – – – – –
2.8 he role of doctors in eliminatingfake/counterfeit medicines
2.9 he drug situation in Nigeria- – – – – – –
2. 1.0 Overview- – – – – – – – —
2.1.0.1 Cloud technology- – – – – – – – –
2. 1.0.2. Sproxil – – – – – – – – – –
2.1.0.3 Hp labs and mpedigree networks – – – – –
2.1.0.4 Rapid alert systems and product recalls – – – –
2.1.0.5 Drug product information system – – – – –
3.1.0.6 Rss technology and the social web- – – – –

CHAPTER THREE – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – –
3.2.0 System requirement specification- – – – – –
3.3.0 System design- – – – – – – – –
3.3.1.0 Logical design- – – – – – – – –
3.3.2.0 Structure of database- – – – – – – –
3.4 Activity Diagram- – – – – – – – –

CHAPTER FOUR – DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

4.1.0 Introduction- – – – – – – – —
4.2.0 Features of implementation languages- – – – –
4.3.0 System testing strategies- – – – – – – –
4.3.1 Unit test- – – – – – – – —
4.3.2 Integration testing- – – – – – – – –
4.4.0 Target computer system requirements- – – – –
4.5.0 Software maintenance issues – – – – – – –
4.5.1 Corrective maintenance- – – – – – – –
4.5.2 Preventive maintenance – – – – – – – –
4.5.3 Adaptive maintenance- – – – – – – –

CHAPTER FIVE – SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 Introduction – – – – – – – – –
5.1 Summary – – – – – – – – – –
5.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – – – –
5.3 Recommendations – – – – – – – –
References – – – – – – – – – –
Appendix – – – – – – – – – –

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION

Drug reporting and verification establishments like NAFDAC (National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control), require efficient and brilliant technique and flexible system for proper drug management. Their main objective is to ensure every fake drugs producing company are eliminated in Nigeria. In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in fake drugs incident which as claim a lot of lives in the country, this predicament has created the need to build an application that will address most of the issues address in this research work. This research work will be of paramount importance to these sectors as it will be design to address most of their challenges.

Drug reporting and verification Software easily automates the whole process of drug verification and reporting. Drugs Pharmaceutical Company are register on the system and verification code are generated for each drug production. System users are created by the system admin where each staff is able to login in with the provided authorization and manage his/her account. The system which will be made available to the general public provides a window in which users could type in a drug code to verify the authenticity of that drug. The admin has the sole authority over the system.

1.2.0 INTRODUCTION

Chapter one introduces the research work and the problem definition of the research, and to know the aim of this research work, research justification tells us why it is important to research Where agent of NAFDAC find it quite difficult to access register pharmaceutical company and drugs right there on the field.on this topic; it also covers areas like scope and limitation of study which entails the boundary of this work. Definition of terms gives summarize what each chapter entails.

1.3.0   PROBLEM DEFINITION

This research work was undertaken to uncover some of the problems with conventional drug reporting and verification systems. Here, agents of NAFDAC and other drug enforcement agency find it quite difficult to access register pharmaceutical companies. Using these conventional method pose lots of constraint on team member as no team member can access files on the office database while at field work also reports has to be file at the office.

1.4.0 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

In view of the problems mentioned above, this project is aimed at implementing a drug reporting and verification system which will exclusively:

• Register every drug produce by every pharmaceutical company in Nigeria
• Produce and register drugs verification code
• Register pharmaceutical all company in Nigeria with each respective trade mark,
• Efficiently handling of fake drug report files and automate the process of drug authentication using appreciate channel.

SCREEN SHOTS OF THE APPLICATION

This research work will provide a more reliable and flexible way of drugs verification and report filing of fake drugs as well as fake pharmaceutical company not authorize to produce and distribute drug in Nigeria. Also eliminate the lag time in file recovery with an inclusion of an asynchronous request incorporated on the system. Furthermore, it will aids structural document, representation and eliminates the tedium of performing monotonous transaction. This research will also contribute to existing literature in this area and will serve as a guild or blueprint for an undergraduate student.

1.6.0  RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This research work “design and implementation of an interactive project management system” will be a web-based application and will be implemented on a relational database system(MySQL). Html(hypertext markup language), css(cascading style sheet) and JQuery will be used to design the web-user interface, php (hypertext preprocessor) will be used as the serve-side script language to link the interface and the database.

1.7.0  SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF STUDY  

This research work is to develop a system capable of handling all Drugs agencies in Nigeria such as verification and reporting of fake drugs, drugs confirmation code using secure channel, drug enforcement agent. The system will also incorporate in its design a feedback layout between for drug confirmation.

The system will not incorporate in its development all the functions of a drug  verification and reporting system but will focus only on the aforementioned functionalities. The system will not be responsible for any loss of data if its environment (network/system installed on) is corrupt.

1.8.0 CHAPTER LAYOUT

This section  was  put in place to explain what each chapter does, chapter one introduces the project to the reader by explaining the problems the project is supposed to solve, objective of the study and research justification is to describe to the reader the purpose and the importance of researching on this topic, research methodology is all about the method used in implementing the research work, scope and limitation describes the boundary of the research work and where the project work can be put into use.

Chapter two deals with the literature review and state-of-the-art. This chapter discusses literature review, what people have published related to this research work and their shortcoming, how this present research can improve their shortcomings.

Chapter three deals with the system design methodology i.e. collection of tools methods and practices for achieving a task; the requirement specification states the expectation of the system analysis, and design which is the blueprint of what the system would carry out.

Chapter four has to do with the implementation, system testing strategies, target computer system requirement, software maintenance etc.

Chapter five discusses the recommendations and conclusion part of the research work and how this work can be applied to the problem domain.

REFERENCES

Adeoye, L (1993) Ethics and Professionalism in MedicalPractice. (Lagos, Nigeria: Friedrich Naumann Foundation and Publishing Company).

Adikwu, M.U. (1996) Sales Practices of Patent Medicine Sellers in Nigeria. Lagos: Oxford University Press.

Akunyili, D.N. (2004) Fake and Counterfeit Drugs in theHealth Sector: The role of Medical Doctors, (AnnualPublication of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine. Vol. 2,No. 2, Dec. 2004).

Akunyili, D.N. (2006) JENDA: A Journal of Culture andAfrican Women Studies – Women Leadership in Emerging Democracy: My NAFDAC Experience (Issue 9,ISSn: 1530-5686)

Anonymous Writer (2004) Awake: Protect yourself from Fraud. (Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society ofPennsylvania, U.S.A, printed in Benin City, Nigeria

Adirieje, U.A. (2002) Advertising and Marketing of essential Drugs. Lagos; Nigeria: Afrihealth information projects.

Chisnal, P.M. (1998) Marketing Research: Analysis and Measurement (2nd edition). U.K.: McGraw-Hill Book Company Ltd.

Edzard; Ernst; Angelo; Izzo (2001) An Article on the Interaction Between Herbal Medicines and prescribed Drugs. (Adis International).

Erhun, W.O; Babalola, O.O; Erhun M.O. (2001) Journal of Health and Population in Developing Countries, Drug Regulation and Control in Nigeria: The Challenge of Counterfeit Drugs. (4th ed.) Buea; Cameroun: ErstwhileBook House.

Federal Ministry of Health (1994). The Bamako Initiative Programme in Nigeria. Abuja; Nigeria: The Federal Ministry of Health, Bamako Initiative unit.

Government of Nigeria (1990): Laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria-Essential Drugs Act.

Government of Nigeria (1990): Laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria-Counterfeit and Fake Drugs (miscellaneous provisions) Act.