Role Of Nigeria Media In Promoting Accountability In Government A Case Study Of Anambra State Government PDF

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page       –           –           –           –           –           –           –          –           –           –           i

Declaration                –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           ii

Certification   –           –           –           –           –           –          –           –          –           –           iii

Dedication                  –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           iv

Acknowledgement     –           –           –           –           –           –          –           –           –           v

Table of content        –           –           –           –           –           –          –          –           –           vii

List of tables  –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           x

Abstract         –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –          –           –           xi

 

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background to the study –           –           –           –          –          –           –           –           1

1.2. Statement of problem   –  –           –           –           –          –          –           –           –           3

1.3. Objectives of the study    –           –           –           –           –          –           –           –           4

1.4. Research questions           –           –           –           –           –            –          –           –           5

1.5. Research Hypothesis        –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           5

1.6. Significance of the study –           –           –           –           –          –           –           –           6

1.7. Scope of the study           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           6

1.8. Operational definition of terms   –           –           –           –            –          –           –           7

1.9. Organization of the Study           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           7

 

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1.   Introduction                   –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           8

2.2.   Conceptual Literature                –           –           –           –           —                      –           8

2.2.1. Mass Media                   –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           8

2.2.2. Good Governance-       –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           10

2.2.3. Role of Media in Good Governance-   –           –           –           –           –           –           11

2.2.4. Challenges of Mass Media in Consolidating Democracy in Nigeria    –           –           13

2.3.    Reviews of Empirical Studies   –           –           –           –           –           –           –           15

2.3.1. Ojenike, B., Adedokun S.O., Odugbemi, J.B and Ojenike, J.O (2016); the Media, Good

Governance and Sustainable Development: A Critical Nexus           –           –           15

2.3.2. Santas, Tsegyu and Ogoshi, John Dogara (2016); an Appraisal of Mass Media Role in

Consolidating Democracy in Nigeria –           –           –           –           –           –           16

2.3.3. P. Ashraf (2014); the Role of Media in Good Governance: Paid News Culture of Media

and the Challenges to Indian Democracy       –           –           –           –           –           17

2.4.   Theoretical Review        –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           17

2.4.1. Mediatisation Theory                –           –           –           –           –           –           –           17

2.4.2. Limited-Effects Theory                        –           –           –           –           –           –           –           18

2.4.3. Class-Dominant Theory            –           –           –           –           –           –           –           19

2.4.4. Culturalist Theory         –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           20

2.4.5. Information Theory       –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           21

2.5. Theoretical Framework                –           –           –           –           –           –           –           22

 

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1.   Introduction –     –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           23

3.2.   Research Design –          –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           23

3.3.   Population of the Study –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           24

3.4.   Sampling Size    –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           24

3.5.   Sampling Technique       –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           25

3.6.   Instrument for Data Collection  –           –           –           –           –           –           –           25

3.7.   Method of Data Collection        –           –           –           –           –           –           –           25

3.8.   Validity/Reliability of Instrument         –           –           –           –           –           –           26

3.8.1. Reliability test   –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           26

3.9.    Method of Data Analysis         –           –           –           –           –           –           –           28

 

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1.   Introduction       –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           29

4.2.   Data Presentation/Analysis        –           –           –           –           –           –           –           29

4.3.      Testing of Hypothesis –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           35

4.4.   Discussion of Findings  –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           37

 

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1.   Introduction       –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           38

5.2.   Summary            –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           38

5.3.   Conclusion         –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           39

5.4.   Recommendations         –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           40

5.5.   Limitations to the Study                        –           –           –           –           –           –           –           41

5.6.   Suggestions for Further Studies                        –           –           –           –           –           –           41

 

REFERENCES        –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           42

 

APPENDIX   –          –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           45

 

 

 

 

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Sex of Respondents   –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           29

Table 2 Age distribution of Respondents       –           –           –           –           –           –           30

Table 3 Marital status of respondents             –           –           –           –           –           –           30

Table 4: Respondents views on whether the media perform their duties well in Anambra

state     –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           31

Table 5: Respondents views on how the media tried to ensure accountability of government

in Anambra state         –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           31

Table 6: Respondents views on whether the media has enlighten them on their right to demand

accountability from the government   –           –           –           –           –           –           32

Table 7: Respondents views on whether media programmes help citizen hold the government

accountable for its promises    –           –           –           –           –           –           –           33

Table 8: Respondents views on whether media is fair in reportage of government

activities          –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           34

Table 9: Test of Hypothesis    –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           36

ABSTRACT

This research work empirically explored the role of Nigeria media in promoting accountability in government: a case study of Anambra state government. The objectives of this study were to examine the level of media responsibility of ensuring accountability in government, ascertain the extent to which the media inform citizens on their right to demand greater accountability from the government, identify the perception of Nigeria about the media’s fairness in reporting government activities. The scope of the study is Anambra state in 2020 making use of populace, information theory was used as a framework. The research design used for this study is survey, the population targeted for this study consists of all residence of the state.  400 dwellers were used as sample size and cluster sampling technique was applied. Instrument used for this study is the questionnaire. Data collected were collected from primary sources. From the analysis of the data, the findings shows that the media has helped in ensuring accountability of government in Anambra state, media created a reasonable level of information to the citizen on their right to accountability of the government of Anambra state, the media is fair in the reportage of government activities in Anambra state. Following the findings, it was recommended that the media should be left to operate independently without external interference or threat, the media should be provided with adequate equipment and professional manpower to perform its duties properly, corruption among the media house and media personnel should be completely eradicated. The study concludes that mass media has strong impact on the people.

Keywords: government accountability, mass media, Anambra state.

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background to the Study

The world is fast becoming a global village and a necessary tool for this process is communication of which mass media is a key player. The Nigerian mass media have come a long way in the struggle for the enthronement of democracy in the country and ensuring accountability. The mass media has been playing this active role since inception. The watchdog function of media is essential in a democratic society. The primary democratic function of the media is to act as a check on the state. The media should observe the activities of the state, and fearlessly expose exploitations of official authority (Curran, 2002). The Media speaks for the people, represents the interests of the society, and serves as a check on the government. This process Holds government accountable; thus, the media helps to ensure good governance in a democratic system.

Media plays a crucial role in shaping a healthy democracy and ensuring good governance. Good governance entails the principles of transparency, accountability and participation. As an important source of public information Media could be expected to be a vehicle to encourage the promotion of good governance.  The media or mass media is a basic source of news and entertainment. They are also means of carrying messages which could build communities into nations. They are sources of information.

The relationship between media and governance establishments has been viewed as being influential in unstable developmental tide in the African continent (Okoro, 2013). The media has an influential potential in sharpening the way and manner of the thinking process and thought patterns of individual, groups and government. The media is capable of correcting certain believes and impressions the people hold in some matters. The media is an effective tool in modifying behaviour. Jibo (2003) noted that the Nigerian media has been a major political actor long before the country was fashioned as a unified political entity and has continued to play a central role in national politics since then. The mass media is the driven force that facilitates the entrenchment of democracy in any political system.

This study, therefore, is posed to assess the role of Nigeria media in promoting accountability in government: a case study of Anambra state government.

 

1.2. Statement of the Research Problem

Every government hopes to achieve sustainable development and accountability. The accountability of Nigeria governance is still faced with a lot of problems. The widely accepted view that good governance is crucial to sustainable development but linkage of good governance to sustainability of such development through media is yet to be fully appreciated (Langmia, 2010; Okoro, 2010). Governance is the manner in which power is exercised in the management of a country’s economic and social resources.

It is discouraging to note that Nigeria government still perform poorly in its level of accountability. Although, for some time now it appears government have tried various methods in resolving the issue allowing the mass media perform its role. From evidence available to us

Section 22 of 1999 constitution of Nigeria says, “the press, radio, television and other agencies of the mass media shall at all-time be free…to upload the responsibility and accountability of the government to the people,” while playing this vital role, many journalist have lost their lives. (Jide, 2018; Punch.ng)

In Nigeria, the ability to ensure accountability in government lie within the help of the mass media. It is against this background that the researcher considered the study of the role of Nigeria media in promoting accountability in government: a case study of Anambra state government.

 

 

 

 

1.3. Objectives of the study

The aim of this study was to assess the role of Nigeria media in promoting accountability in government: a case study of Anambra state government. The specific objectives are to:

1. examine the level of media responsibility of ensuring accountability in government.
2. ascertain the extent to which the media inform citizens on their right to demand greater accountability from the government.
3. identify the perception of Nigeria about the media’s fairness in reporting government activities.

 

1.4. Research Questions

This study will be guided by the following research questions:

1. What is the level of media responsibility of ensuring accountability in government?
2. To what extent do the media inform citizens on their right to demand greater accountability from the government?
3. Is the media’s fair in reporting government activities?

 

1.5 Research Hypothesis

The study is guided by the following hypothesis:

H₀:     There is no significant relationship between Nigeria media and accountability in government.

 

1.6. Significance of the Study

The critical nature of accountability in government is given, this is because this is because it ensures development. The study will enable media in Anambra state and Nigeria in general to appraise the media framework for possible modification and modernization.

Empirically, this study is carried out to identify the role of Nigeria media in promoting accountability in government. This study will be of utmost importance to investors, government and the researchers because it will provide policy recommendations to the various Nigeria stakeholders taking adequate measures in the broadcasting industry for rapid capacity investment.  The changing character of the broadcasting industry especially, the television station reforms including the licensing of online radio and television stations has affected the industry in recent times and will push studies on the relevance of mass media as tools for ensuring accountability to new evidence(s). It will contribute to existing literature on the subject matter. This study will be of benefit to;

The Academia: members of the academia will find the study relevant as it will also form basis for further research and a reference tool for academic works.

Government: this study will reveal to the government happenings in the government. Formulation and implementation of policies based on this findings would ensure development in the area.

Investors: this study shall also be valuable to the investors especially those who may have research interest as it shall guide their private investment decisions.

 

1.6. Scope of the Study

This study is intended to examine the role of Nigeria media in promoting accountability in government in Nigeria with particular emphasis on Ananmbra state government in 2020.

 

1.7. Operational Definition of Terms

The following terms have been defined operationally.

• Government: a government is a system or group of people governing an organized community, often a state. Here it relate to the government of Anambra state
• Accountability: the act or condition of being accountable. It relate to the level of accountability of Anambra state government.
• Mass media: refers to a diverse array of mass technologies that reach a large audience via mass communication.
• Role: the function assumed or part played by a person or thing in a particular situation. Here it applies to the role of mass media in Anambra state.

 

1.9. Organization of the Study

This study is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is introduction which consists of the background to the study, statement of problem, research questions, research  hypotheses,  objectives  of  the study, the  significance  of  the  study,   the scope  and  limitations  of  the  study  and  finally the  organization of the study. Chapter two deals with the literature review which consists of the conceptual literature, theoretical literature, empirical literature, theoretical framework. Chapter three gives the research methodology including research design, population of study, sample size, sampling technique, method of data collection, instrument of data analysis, method of data analysis, validity/reliability of instrument.  Chapter four is presentation and analysis of data, discussion of findings. Chapter five gives the summary, conclusion and recommendations.

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