Chima CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Organization comprises of individuals performing various activities which enable them to achieve objectives for which they are established.
Cole (2002) says that these various tasks varies in time span that is the time required to perform a specific task in organization varies from job to job hence the need for effective management of time by the organization is discharged of various organizational responsibilities.
It is against this backdrop that Tailor (1977) developed “the time and motion study” time and motion study which reveals exactly how long it takes to perform a task and the best way to perform it.
This enables organization to know how much output they can expect in a given time in support to this principles. Taylor (1977) demonstrates the benefit of increase employees productivity and earnings which he had obtained at the Bethlehem steel works.
He described to his critics an experiment with two shoulders “first class shoulders” in his word whose effort were timed and studies each man had his own personal shovel which he used regardless of the type of coal being shifted.
At first the average shovel load was about 38 pounds and with this loan each man handled about 25 tons of materials a day. Daily tonnage up to 30 eventually it was found out that with smaller shovels averaging about 21 pounds per load the daily output rose even higher.
George and James (1996) says that management is prioritizing and estimating techniques that allow workers to identify the most importance task and fit them with their daily work schedule.
This enable workers to make better use of their time whenever we went to perform some task. We are not presently doing this, so we have to displace other activities to make room for it. There it lies the secret of what it referred to as effective time managements to be effective we displace less importance task with more important ones that have stress. If we tend to be objective about time. We will discover that for every reward that we receive either in a given labour it is not for the effort of the job rendered but for the time involved or time taken to do such a job.
Cordiner (1990) says that effective impact of time management is everything in every viable organization. There exist variety of techniques that organization can employ to ensure effective and efficient impact management of time by employees to enhance its productivity.
This study is an attempt to identity these techniques and how the impact of time management enhances an employee productivity in organization.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.
This study is concerned with the impact of time management on employees productivity at the Kaduna State Universal Basic Education Board. It has been noticed that most organization tends to experience the problem of management of time in what is set in motion to achieve. Thus, the study intends to find out the role of time management or the absence of it in achieving employees productivity among staff of the State Universal Basic Education Board.
The question that one will like to ask include is it due to poor time management that production among staff of the Universal Basic Education Board is not efficient and effective or;
At what level do staff of the state universal Basic Education Board effectively utilize time management to achieve productivity?.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main propose of this study is to find out the impact of time management in the productivity of workers in the organization understudy.
However, in specific terms the study seeks the following objectives;
- To assess the impact of time management on productivity in organization.
- To determine how time is managed in organization for productivity purpose.
- To identify the problem of time management in the organization.
- To offer recommendations that will assists in time management.
1.4 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
The following hypothesis are formulated to guide this study which will be tested in chapter four.
Ho: effective time management does not enhance employees productivity in organization.
Hi: effective time management enhances employee productivity in organization.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The findings of this study will be beneficial to the staff of Kaduna state universal Basic Education Board, the organization itself and other researchers.
First of all the staff will benefit from this study as the study explore ways by which time is to be managed and the impact of time management with respect to identifying or principles will also be explored. The staff will also have full knowledge of how to allocate time in carrying out their duties with emphasis laid on importance of time as it impact on productivity. More so this study is beneficial to the entire organization as useful recommendation will be made this will serve as eye opener for the organization to put in place effective impact of time machineries
However, the aim of this study is also to try to produce a frame upon which additional information will be built upon in respect to time management on employee’s productivity for research and allied purposes.
This study also serves as an effective tool for future purpose and guidance on related subject matter (time management) as it affects employees productivity in organization.
Finally, it is important because it is a pre-requisite for the award of higher National Diploma in Human Resource Management.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study will cover the impact of time management among staff of the State Universal Basic Education Board and will cover the period of 2008 to 2009.
This research therefore will attempt to review time management and its impacts on employee’s productivity in the Kaduna State Universal Basic Education Board.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Time limitation – the implicit of time between when the research is free an when the respondent is free to attend to research, most management staff were either too busy or not on seat to attend to the research while the research is having time conflict.
The problem of finance was also encountered, this is so because the study was self supervised. Finally, the research experienced problems during data collection as some respondents proved difficult. However, they were convinced and persuaded to complete the questionnaire which most of them did in order to ensure that the study was a success.
1.8 HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDOF THE CASE STUDY
The Kaduna State Universal Basic education in Board (KDSUBEB) as one among the component organs of the Universal Basic Education Commission (UBEC) was established by edict No. 3 of 1994 on 1st January, 1994 by the then state military administrator, Col. Lawal Jafaru Isa (now Brig. General Rtd) as Kaduna state primary education Board. But with the formal launching of the UBE in Sokoto state by the commander in chief of the federal Republic of Nigeria, former president Chief Olusegun Obasanjo in 27th May, 1999 and subsequently signing of the state edict establishing the state Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB) in Kaduna June 2005, the programme became fully operated.
FUNCTIONS
The sole aim of establishing the board was to revitalize Basic Education in Kaduna state thus, its main functions as contained in the state edict of 1994 include:
- Management of Basic Education in the state.
- Recruitment, appointment, promotion and discipline of teaching and non-teaching staff.
- Employment and posting of staff, including interstate transfer.
- Disbursement of funds provided to it from both federal and state sources.
- Setting up an effective and functional supervisory units.
- Retirement and re-absorption of teachers
- Undertaking new capital projects.
- Responsibility for the approval, training and retraining of teaching and non-teaching staff.
- Assessment and funding of salaries and allowances of teaching and non-teaching staff based on the scheme of service drawn up by the education board.
- Education that annual reports are rendered by head of schools on teachers appointed to serve them.
- Preparing testimonial and certificates of services for teaching and non-teaching staff whenever necessary.
- Dealing with leave matters including annual vacations.
- Ensuring annual auditing of accounts
- Performing such other functions as may be assigned to the education board by the commissioner of education.
Also, the local government education Authorities LGEAs have been established in each of the Local government Council Areas with a part time chairman, eight part-time members and secretary who is the chief executive and accounting officer at the local Government education Authority. The District education committee (DEC) has also been established at the district level with a part time Chairman. All the committees are fully functional for effective supervision of schools at the Local Government Education Authority level, the Board has divided the state into nine zone with 3-4 inspectors monitoring each zone and they are responsible and answerable to the Directors of inspectorate at the Headquarters.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Organization: A group of people brought together for the purpose of achieving certain objectives.
EMPLOYEE: One employed by another for wages and salary, they are at the same time concerned with the survival of the business entity not necessarily because they love it, so seeking their economic incomes and perhaps their psychic income elsewhere.
SUBORDINATE: A person who is of lower rank in job taking order from his superiors.
TIME: limited period as between two events for completion of an action.
DELEGATE: To give part of one’s power right responsibilities or work to another for certain time.
PRIORITY: Arrangement of something’s that needs attention before others.
TIME BUDGET: The preparation of detailed time table of work of activities in order to help improve time management and efficiency.
MANAGEMENT: it is the process of planning, organizing, staffing, coordinating and controlling the effort of organizational members and utilizing resources to achieve given organizational goals.
PRODUCTIVITY: This refers to relationship between output of goods and services and the input of resources, human and non human used.
KDSUBEB: Kaduna state Universal/Basic Education Board.
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